Positioning and competition

• Porter's Five Forces — assess the structural attractiveness of an industry.
• Value chain analysis — locate where cost and differentiation are created.
• Three generic strategies — cost leadership, differentiation, or focus.

Customer and value

• Value proposition design — match offerings to customer jobs, pains, and gains.
• Jobs to be done — understand the progress a customer is trying to make.
• Blue ocean thinking — create new demand rather than fight for existing demand.

Growth and portfolio

• Ansoff matrix — frame growth across markets and products.
• BCG growth-share matrix — balance a portfolio of business lines.
• Three horizons — manage today's core while building tomorrow's.

Choosing a framework

Start from the diagnosed challenge, then pick the framework that addresses it. Applying a framework for its own sake produces analysis that looks rigorous but does not move the decision forward.